Nov 20, 2014 - Producer(s), Rishab Seth. Siyaasat is an Indian Hindi television period drama series which. 1 2 'A genuinely interesting TV serial at last?' Chatriwali Star Pravah Marathi Serial Cast Photos Wiki Actress Actor Real Names Namrata Pradhan Madhurani Sanket Pathak vikram Chhatriwali Chhatriwali is a Marathi romance drama TV serial on Star Pravah.
Radha Krishna is upcoming huge budget TV serial which is going to be broadcast on Star Bharat Tv Channel. This Tv show is produced by Swastik Productions makers of some famous tv shows like Shani, Mahakali, Shankar Jai Kishan and Porus. Radha Krishna Tv serial/Show is going to replace Sam Dam Dand Bhed Tv serial. The Show is big budget Tv serial which is going to cost around 150 crores. It is a love story of Hindu Goddess Lord Krishna and Radha.
Radha is acknowledged as the Supreme Goddess, for it is said that Krishna or God is only satiated by devotional service in loving servitude and Radha is the personification of devotional service to the supreme. She is also considered in Vaishnavism as the total feminine energy and also as the Supreme Lakshmi. Radha is also depicted to be Krishna himself, split into two, for the purpose of His enjoyment. Plot/Story of Radha Krishna Tv Serial. Promo of the show is already avaialble on Tv channels. Promo is looking very fascinating and attaractive.
We are going to share the promo here so our viewers can watch it here. Kindly share your reviews in comment box about promo. (Note:- Promo is promoted by Youtube) Timing of Radha Krishna Star Bharat Tv Serial Radha Krishna Tv Serial is going to be aired from 01st October 2018 at 9.00 Pm on Star Bharat Tv Channel. You can also watch it on Hotstar Mobile Application.
Star Bharat. Title of Show/ Serial: Radha Krishna. Tv Channel: Star Bharat and Hotstar. Production House: Swastik Productions. Start date: 01st October 2018. Telecast time: 9.00 PM Stay tuned with us more Updates.
Contents. Plot Siyaasat is mainly about the journey of to become. It is based in the era of rule where is the king. The show focuses on the battle between the princes to become the heir to the throne and also on - Mehrunissa's love story.
The other prominent aspects of the show are the politics in the between, and other women, the rivals of Akbar like, and and the political turmoil in Akbar's court between, and Cast. as Emperor. as Empress (addressed as ' while Akbar is alive and as 'Mariam Makani Rajmata' later), Akbar's chief and favourite wife and Prince Salim's biological mother. Karanvir Sharma/ as Prince , Akbar's eldest son. as, Salim's first wife and mother of Prince. Shaynam Ladakhi as, Nur Jahan's brother. Nayani Dixit as, Salim's second wife and the mother of Prince Khurram (future Emperor ).
Charu Shankar as , wife of and illicit lover of Prince Salim. She eventually marries her lover, the emperor Jehangir.
Best Media Info. 17 November 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2015. Deccan Herald. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
7 November 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
The Sunday Guardian. 3 January 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2015. Indian Television.com.
3 February 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2015. Times of India.
3 February 2015. Retrieved 3 July 2015.
Times of India. 3 February 2015.
Retrieved 10 November 2014. ^ Majumdar, Payal (3 January 2015). Retrieved 17 May 2017. Team, Tellychakkar (10 Mar 2014). Retrieved 17 May 2017. The Times of India.
17 December 2014. Retrieved 3 July 2015. External links. on. – Rajasthan is Indias largest state by area. Elsewhere it is bordered by the other Indian states, Punjab to the north, Haryana and Uttar Pradesh to the northeast, Madhya Pradesh to the southeast, and Gujarat to the southwest.
Rajasthan is also home to two national reserves, the Ranthambore National Park in Sawai Madhopur and Sariska Tiger Reserve in Alwar. The state was formed on 30 March 1949 when Rajputana – the name adopted by the British Raj for its dependencies in the region – was merged into the Dominion of India. Its capital and largest city is Jaipur, also known as Pink City, other important cities are Jodhpur, Udaipur, Bikaner, Kota and Ajmer. Parts of what is now Rajasthan were partly part of the Vedic Civilisation, kalibangan, in Hanumangarh district, was a major provincial capital of the Indus Valley Civilization. Matsya Kingdom of the Vedic civilisation of India, is said to roughly corresponded to the state of Jaipur in Rajasthan. The capital of Matsya was at Viratanagar, which is said to have named after its founder king Virata.
Bhargava identifies the two districts of Jhunjhunu and Sikar and parts of Jaipur district along with Haryana districts of Mahendragarh, bhargava also locates the present day Sahibi River as the Vedic Drishadwati River, which along with Saraswati River formed the borders of the Vedic state of Brahmavarta. Manu and Bhrigu narrated the Manusmriti to a congregation of seers in this area only, the Indo-Scythians invaded the area of Ujjain and established the Saka era, marking the beginning of the long-lived Saka Western Satraps state.
Gurjars ruled for many dynasties in this part of the country, up to the tenth century almost the whole of North India, acknowledged the supremacy of the Gurjars with their seat of power at Kannauj. The Gurjar Pratihar Empire acted as a barrier for Arab invaders from the 8th to the 11th century, the chief accomplishment of the Gurjara Pratihara empire lies in its successful resistance to foreign invasions from the west, starting in the days of Junaid. Majumdar says that this was acknowledged by the Arab writers. He further notes that historians of India have wondered at the progress of Muslim invaders in India. Traditionally the Rajputs, Jats, Meenas, REBARI, Gurjars, Bhils, Rajpurohit, Charans, Yadavs, Bishnois, Sermals, PhulMali, all these tribes suffered great difficulties in protecting their culture and the land.
Millions of them were killed trying to protect their land, a number of Gurjars had been exterminated in Bhinmal and Ajmer areas fighting with the invaders. Meenas were rulers of Bundi, Hadoti and the Dhundhar region, hem Chandra Vikramaditya, the Hindu Emperor, was born in the village of Machheri in Alwar District in 1501. Hem Chandra was killed in the battlefield at Second Battle of Panipat fighting against Mughals on 5 November 1556, maharana Pratap of Mewar resisted Akbar in the famous Battle of Haldighati and later operated from hilly areas of his kingdom 2. – India, officially the Republic of India, is a country in South Asia. It is the seventh-largest country by area, the second-most populous country, and it is bounded by the Indian Ocean on the south, the Arabian Sea on the southwest, and the Bay of Bengal on the southeast. It shares land borders with Pakistan to the west, China, Nepal, and Bhutan to the northeast, in the Indian Ocean, India is in the vicinity of Sri Lanka and the Maldives.
Indias Andaman and Nicobar Islands share a border with Thailand. The Indian subcontinent was home to the urban Indus Valley Civilisation of the 3rd millennium BCE, in the following millennium, the oldest scriptures associated with Hinduism began to be composed. Social stratification, based on caste, emerged in the first millennium BCE, early political consolidations took place under the Maurya and Gupta empires, the later peninsular Middle Kingdoms influenced cultures as far as southeast Asia. In the medieval era, Judaism, Zoroastrianism, Christianity, and Islam arrived, much of the north fell to the Delhi sultanate, the south was united under the Vijayanagara Empire. The economy expanded in the 17th century in the Mughal empire, in the mid-18th century, the subcontinent came under British East India Company rule, and in the mid-19th under British crown rule.
A nationalist movement emerged in the late 19th century, which later, under Mahatma Gandhi, was noted for nonviolent resistance, in 2015, the Indian economy was the worlds seventh largest by nominal GDP and third largest by purchasing power parity. Following market-based economic reforms in 1991, India became one of the major economies and is considered a newly industrialised country. However, it continues to face the challenges of poverty, corruption, malnutrition, a nuclear weapons state and regional power, it has the third largest standing army in the world and ranks sixth in military expenditure among nations. India is a constitutional republic governed under a parliamentary system. It is a pluralistic, multilingual and multi-ethnic society and is home to a diversity of wildlife in a variety of protected habitats. The name India is derived from Indus, which originates from the Old Persian word Hindu, the latter term stems from the Sanskrit word Sindhu, which was the historical local appellation for the Indus River. The ancient Greeks referred to the Indians as Indoi, which translates as The people of the Indus, the geographical term Bharat, which is recognised by the Constitution of India as an official name for the country, is used by many Indian languages in its variations.
Scholars believe it to be named after the Vedic tribe of Bharatas in the second millennium B. E and it is also traditionally associated with the rule of the legendary emperor Bharata. Gaṇarājya is the Sanskrit/Hindi term for republic dating back to the ancient times, hindustan is a Persian name for India dating back to the 3rd century B. It was introduced into India by the Mughals and widely used since then and its meaning varied, referring to a region that encompassed northern India and Pakistan or India in its entirety 3. – The dynasty, though ethnically Turco-Mongol, was Persianate in terms of culture. The Mughal empire extended over parts of the Indian subcontinent. The beginning of the empire is conventionally dated to the victory by its founder Babur over Ibrahim Lodi, the Mughal emperors were Central Asian Turco-Mongols belonging to the Timurid dynasty, who claimed direct descent from both Genghis Khan and Timur.
During the reign of Humayun, the successor of Babur, the empire was briefly interrupted by the Sur Empire, the classic period of the Mughal Empire started in 1556 with the ascension of Akbar the Great to the throne. Under the rule of Akbar and his son Jahangir, the region enjoyed economic progress as well as harmony. Akbar was a warrior who also forged alliances with several Hindu Rajput kingdoms.
Some Rajput kingdoms continued to pose a significant threat to the Mughal dominance of northwestern India, the reign of Shah Jahan, the fifth emperor, between 1628 and 1658 was the golden age of Mughal architecture. He erected several monuments, the best known of which is the Taj Mahal at Agra, as well as the Moti Masjid, Agra, the Red Fort, the Jama Masjid, Delhi. By the mid-18th century, the Marathas had routed Mughal armies, during the following century Mughal power had become severely limited, and the last emperor, Bahadur Shah II, had authority over only the city of Shahjahanabad. He issued a firman supporting the Indian Rebellion of 1857 and following the defeat was therefore tried by the British East India Company for treason, imprisoned and exiled to Rangoon.
Contemporaries referred to the empire founded by Babur as the Timurid empire, which reflected the heritage of his dynasty, another name was Hindustan, which was documented in the Ain-i-Akbari, and which has been described as the closest to an official name for the empire. In the west, the term Mughal was used for the emperor, and by extension, the use of Mughal derived from the Arabic and Persian corruption of Mongol, and it emphasised the Mongol origins of the Timurid dynasty. The term gained currency during the 19th century, but remains disputed by Indologists, similar terms had been used to refer to the empire, including Mogul and Moghul. Nevertheless, Baburs ancestors were sharply distinguished from the classical Mongols insofar as they were oriented towards Persian rather than Turco-Mongol culture, ousted from his ancestral domains in Central Asia, Babur turned to India to satisfy his ambitions. He established himself in Kabul and then pushed steadily southward into India from Afghanistan through the Khyber Pass, Baburs forces occupied much of northern India after his victory at Panipat in 1526.
The preoccupation with wars and military campaigns, however, did not allow the new emperor to consolidate the gains he had made in India, the instability of the empire became evident under his son, Humayun, who was driven out of India and into Persia by rebels. Humayuns exile in Persia established diplomatic ties between the Safavid and Mughal Courts, and led to increasing Persian cultural influence in the Mughal Empire, the restoration of Mughal rule began after Humayuns triumphant return from Persia in 1555, but he died from a fatal accident shortly afterwards. Humayuns son, Akbar, succeeded to the throne under a regent, Bairam Khan, through warfare and diplomacy, Akbar was able to extend the empire in all directions and controlled almost the entire Indian subcontinent north of the Godavari River 4.
– Mirza Nur-ud-din Beig Mohammad Khan Salim, known by his imperial name Jahangir, was the fourth Mughal Emperor who ruled from 1605 until his death in 1627. Much romance has gathered around his name, and the tale of his relationship with the Mughal courtesan, Anarkali, has been widely adapted into the literature, art. Jahangir was the eldest surviving son of Mughal Emperor Akbar, impatient for power, he revolted in 1599 while Akbar was engaged in the Deccan.
These women wielded considerable influence over Akbar and favoured Jahangir as his successor, the first year of Jahangirs reign saw a rebellion organised by his eldest son Khusrau. The rebellion was put down, Khusrau was brought before his father in chains.
After subduing and executing nearly 2000 members of the rebellion, Jahangir blinded his renegade son, Jahangir built on his fathers foundations of excellent administration and his reign was characterised by political stability, a strong economy and impressive cultural achievements. The imperial frontiers continued to move forward—in Bengal, Mewar, Ahmadnagar, Later during his rule, Jahangir was battling his rebellious son Khurram in Hindustan. The rebellion of Khurram absorbed Jahangirs attention, so in the spring of 1623 he negotiated an end to the conflict. Much of India was politically pacified, Jahangirs dealings with the Hindu rulers of Rajputana were particularly successful, the Hindu rulers all accepted Mughal supremacy and in return were given high ranks in the Mughal aristocracy. Jahangir was fascinated with art, science and architecture, from a young age he showed a leaning towards painting and had an atelier of his own. His interest in portraiture led to development in this artform.
The art of Mughal painting reached great heights under Jahangirs reign and his interest in painting also served his scientific interests in nature. Jahangir maintained an aviary and a large zoo, kept a record of every specimen. Jahangir patronised the European and Persian arts and he promoted Persian culture throughout his empire. This was especially so during the period when he came under the influence of his Persian Empress, Nur Jahan and her relatives, amongst the most highly regarded Mughal architecture dating from Jahangirs reign is the famous Shalimar Gardens in Kashmir. The worlds first seamless celestial globe was built by Mughal scientists under the patronage of Jahangir, Jahangir, like his father, was a proper Sunni Muslim with tolerance, he allowed, for example, the continuation of his fathers tradition of public debate between different religions. The Jesuits were allowed to dispute publicly with Muslim ulema and to preach the Gospel, Jahangir specifically warned his nobles that they should not force Islam on anyone. Jizya was not imposed by Jahangir, edward Terry, an English chaplain in India at the time, saw a ruler under which all Religions are tolerated and their Priests in good esteem 5.
– Nur Jahan was Empress consort of the Mughal Empire from 25 May 1611 to 28 October 1627 and was the eighteenth and most beloved wife of the Mughal emperor Jahangir. She acted as his consort and Padshah Begum, officially from 1620–1627, after the titles previous holder. She was a woman when Prince Salim, Akbars eldest son. Two years after Akbar died and Salim became Emperor, Sher Afgan met his death, however, three more years were to pass before a grieving Nur Jahan consented to marry the Emperor Jahangir. In fact, the relationship between Jahangir and Nur Jahan was even more scandalous in its time than the legend of Anarkali, after the wedding, Nur Jehan quickly gained ascendency over her husband. More decisive and pro-active than her husband, she is considered by historians to have been the power behind the throne for more than fifteen years.
Nur Jehan was granted certain honours and privileges which were never enjoyed by any Mughal empress before or afterwards and she was the only Mughal empress to have coinage struck in her name. She was often present when the Emperor held court, and even held court independently when the Emperor was unwell and she was given charge of his imperial seal, implying that her perusal and consent were necessary before any document or order received legal validity.
The Emperor sought her views on most matters before issuing orders, however, Mumtaz Mahal took no interest at all in affairs of state, and her husband, who loved her to distraction, is not known to have consulted her on any important matter. Nur Jehan is therefore unique in the annals of the Mughal Empire for the influence she wielded. Both of Nur Jahans parents were descendants of illustrious families – Ghias Beg from Muhammad Sharif, for unknown reasons, Ghias Begs family had suffered a reversal in fortunes in 1577 and soon found circumstances in their homeland intolerable. Hoping to improve his family’s fortunes, Ghias Beg chose to relocate to India where the Emperor Akbars court was said to be at the centre of the trade industry. Half way along their route the family was attacked by robbers who took them the remaining meager possessions they had.
Left with only two mules, Ghias Beg, his pregnant wife, and their three children were forced to take turns riding on the backs of the animals for the remainder of their journey, when the family arrived in Kandahar, Asmat Begum gave birth to their second daughter. The family was so impoverished they feared they would be unable to care of the newborn baby.
Fortunately, the family was taken in by a led by the merchant noble Malik Masud. Believing that the child had signaled a change in the family’s fate and her father was appointed diwan for the province of Kabul. Due to his skills at conducting business he quickly rose through the ranks of the high administrative officials 6.
– Abul-Fath Jalal-ud-din Muhammad, popularly known as Akbar I and later Akbar the Great, was a Mughal Emperor from 1556 until his death. He was the ruler of the Mughal Dynasty in India. Akbar succeeded his father, Humayun, under a regent, Bairam Khan, a strong personality and a successful general, Akbar gradually enlarged the Mughal Empire to include nearly all of the Indian Subcontinent north of the Godavari river. His power and influence, however, extended over the country because of Mughal military, political, cultural. To unify the vast Mughal state, Akbar established a system of administration throughout his empire and adopted a policy of conciliating conquered rulers through marriage. To preserve peace and order in a religiously and culturally diverse empire, Mughal India developed a strong and stable economy, leading to commercial expansion and greater patronage of culture. Akbar himself was a patron of art and culture, holy men of many faiths, poets, architects and artisans adorned his court from all over the world for study and discussion.
Akbars courts at Delhi, Agra, and Fatehpur Sikri became centres of the arts, letters, perso-Islamic culture began to merge and blend with indigenous Indian elements, and a distinct Indo-Persian culture emerged characterised by Mughal style arts, painting, and architecture. A simple, monotheistic cult, tolerant in outlook, it centred on Akbar as a prophet, for which he drew the ire of the ulema, many of his courtiers followed Din-i-Ilahi as their religion as well, as many believed that Akbar was a prophet. One famous courtier who followed this religion was Birbal. Akbars reign significantly influenced the course of Indian history, during his rule, the Mughal empire tripled in size and wealth.
He created a military system and instituted effective political and social reforms. By abolishing the tax on non-Muslims and appointing them to high civil and military posts, he was the first Mughal ruler to win the trust. He had Sanskrit literature translated, participated in festivals, realising that a stable empire depended on the co-operation.
Thus, the foundations for an empire under Mughal rule was laid during his reign. Akbar was succeeded as emperor by his son, Jahangir, defeated in battles at Chausa and Kannauj in 1539–40 by the forces of Sher Shah Suri Mughal emperor Humayun fled westward to Sindh. There he met and married the then 14-year-old Hamida Banu Begum, daughter of Shaikh Ali Akbar Jami, a teacher of Humauyuns younger brother Hindal Mirza. Jalal ud-din Muhammad Akbar was born the year on 15 October 1542 at the Rajput Fortress of Umerkot in Sindh 7. – The structure of the harem and the extent of monogamy or polygamy has varied depending on the familys personalities, socio-economic status, and local customs. This private space has been understood as serving the purposes of maintaining the modesty, privilege. In former times, some harems were guarded by eunuchs who were allowed inside, there are several Renaissance paintings dating to the 16th century that defy Orientalist tropes and portray the women of the Ottoman harem as individuals of status and political significance.
In many periods of Islamic history women in the harem exercised various degrees of political power, the word has been recorded in the English language since early 17th century. It comes from the Arabic ḥarīm, which can mean a sacred inviolable place, in English the term harem can mean also the wives of a polygamous man. The triliteral Ḥ-R-M appears in other terms related the notion of such as haram, mahram, ihram and al-Ḥaram al-Šarīf. In Turkish of the Ottoman era, the harem, i. The part of the reserved for women was called haremlık.
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Some scholars have used the term to refer to royal households throughout history. In Muscovite Russia the area of houses where women were secluded was known as terem. The idea of harem or seclusion of women did not originate with Muhammad or Islam and these practices were well established amongst the upper classes of Iraq, the Byzantine Empire, Ancient Greece and Persia for thousands of years before the advent of Islam. The practice of secluding women was common to many ancient near eastern communities, in pre-Islamic Assyria, Persia, and Egypt, most royal courts had a harem, where the ruler’s wives and concubines lived with female attendants, and eunuchs.
The harem system first became fully institutionalized in the Islamic world under the Abbasid caliphate, Some scholars believe that Islamic culture adopted the custom of secluding women from the Byzantine Empire and Persia, and then read those customs back into the Quran. According to Eleanor Doumato, the practice of secluding women in Islam is based on both tradition and social custom.
One verse in particular discusses hijab, in modern usage hijab colloquially refers to the religious attire worn by Muslim women, but its original meaning was a veil or curtain that physically separates female from male space. Leila Ahmed describes the ideal of seclusion as a a mans right to keep his women concealed-invisible to other men, Ahmed identifies the practice of seclusion as a social ideal and one of the four factors that shaped the lives of women in the Mediterranean Middle East. For example, contemporary sources from the Byzantine Empire describe the social mores that governed womens lives, Women were not supposed to be seen in public. They were guarded by eunuchs and could leave the home veiled.
Some of these customs were borrowed from the Persians, but Greek society also influenced the development of patriarchal tradition, the ideal of seclusion was not fully realized as social reality 8. – Chand Bibi was also the name of Humayuns wife. Chand Bibi, was an Indian Muslim regent and warrior and she acted as the Regent of Bijapur and Regent of Ahmednagar.
Chand Bibi is best known for defending Ahmednagar against the Mughal forces of Emperor Akbar in 1595, Chand Bibi was the daughter of Hussain Nizam Shah I of Ahmednagar, and the sister of Burhan-ul-Mulk, the Sultan of Ahmednagar. She knew many languages, including Arabic, Persian, Turkish, Marathi and she played sitar, and painting flowers was her hobby. Following an alliance policy, Chand Bibi was married to Ali Adil Shah I of the Bijapur Sultanate, a stepwell constructed near the eastern boundary of Bijapur by her husband was named Chand Bawdi after her. Ali Adil Shahs father, Ibrahim Adil Shah I, had divided power between the Sunni nobles, the Habshis and the Deccanis, however, Ali Adil Shah favored Shias.
After his death in 1580, the Shia nobles proclaimed his nine-year-old nephew Ibrahim Adil Shah II as the ruler, a Deccani general called Kamal Khan seized power and became the regent. Kamal Khan showed disrespect to Chand Bibi, who felt that he had ambitions to usurp the throne, Chand Bibi plotted an attack against Kamal Khan with help from another general, Haji Kishvar Khan. Kamal Khan was captured while fleeing and was beheaded in the fort, Kishvar Khan became the second regent of Ibrhaim.
In a battle against the Ahmednagar Sultanate at Dharaseo, the Bijapur army led by him captured all the artillery, after the victory, Kishvar Khan ordered other Bijapuri generals to surrender all the captured elephants to him. The elephants were highly valued, and the other generals took great offense, along with Chand Bibi, they hatched a plan to eliminate Kishvar Khan with help from General Mustafa Khan of Bankapur. Kishvar Khans spies informed him of the conspiracy, so he sent troops against Mustafa Khan, Chand Bibi challenged Kishvar Khan, but he got her imprisoned at the Satara fort and tried to declare himself the king. However, Kishvar Khan had become unpopular among the rest of the generals. He was forced to flee when a joint army led by a Habshi general called Ikhlas Khan marched to Bijapur, the army consisted of the forces of three Habshi nobles, Ikhlas Khan, Hamid Khan and Dilavar Khan.
Kishvar Khan tried his luck at Ahmednagar unsuccessfully, and then fled to Golconda and he was killed in exile by a relative of Mustafa Khan. Following this, Chand Bibi acted as the regent for a short time, Ikhlas Khan then became the regent, but he was dismissed by Chand Bibi shortly afterwards. Later, he resumed his dictatorship, which was challenged by the other Habshi generals.
Taking advantage of the situation in Bijapur, Ahmednagars Nizam Shahi sultan allied with the Qutb Shahi of Golconda to attack Bijapur, the troops available at Bijapur were not sufficient to repulse the joint attack 9. – Khusrau Mirza or Prince Khusrau was the eldest son of the Mughal emperor Jahangir. Khusrau was born in Lahore on August 16,1587 and his mother, Manbhawati Bai, was the daughter of Raja Bhagwant Das of Amber, head of the Kachhwaha clan of Rajputs. She committed suicide on May 16,1605 by consuming poison, Khusraus first wife and chief consort was the daughter of extremely powerful, Mirza Aziz Koka known as Khan Azam, son of Jiji Anaga, Emperor Akbars foster mother. When Khusraus marriage was arranged with her, an order was given that Said Khan Abdullah Khan and Mir Sadr Jahan should convey 100,000 rupees as sachaq to the Mirzas house by the way of Sihr baha.
She was his wife, and was the mother of his eldest son Prince Dawar Bakhsh Mirza, and his second son Prince Buland Akhtar Mirza born on 11 March 1609. Another of Khusraus wives was the daughter of Jani Beg Tarkhan of Thatta and she was the sister of Mirza Ghazi Beg. The marriage was arranged by Khusraus grand father, Emperor Akbar, another of his wives was the daughter of Muqim, son of Mihtar Fazil Rikabdar. She was the mother of Prince Gurshasp Mirza born on 8 April 1616, Khusrau had a daughter Hoshang Banu Begum, born in about 1605, and married to Prince Hoshang Mirza, son of Prince Daniyal Mirza. In 1605, the emperor Akbar died, Akbar had been deeply disappointed with Khusraus father Jahangir.
Perhaps due to background, Khusrau rebelled against his father in 1606 to secure the throne for himself. Khusrau left Agra on April 6,1606 with 350 horsemen on the pretext of visiting the tomb of Akbar at nearby Sikandra, in Mathura, he was joined by Hussain Beg with about 3000 horsemen. In Panipat, he was joined by Abdur Rahim, the provincial dewan of Lahore, when Khusrau reached Taran Taran near Amritsar, he received the blessings of Guru Arjan Dev. Khusrau laid siege on Lahore, defended by Dilawar Khan, Jahangir soon reached Lahore with a large army and Khusrau was defeated in the battle of Bhairowal. He and his followers tried to flee towards Kabul but they were captured by Jahangirs army while crossing the Chenab, Khusrau was first brought to Delhi, where a novel punishment was meted out to him. This was repeated numerous times through the length of Chandni Chowk.
Khusrau was then blinded and imprisoned in Agra, however, his eyesight was never completely lost. In 1616, he was handed over to Asaf Khan, the brother of his step-mother Noor Jehan, in 1620, he was handed over to his younger brother Prince Khurram, who incidentally was Asaf Khans son-in-law. In 1622, Khusrau was killed on the orders of his Prince Khurram, after the death of Jahangir in 1627, Khusraus son, Prince Dawar was briefly made ruler of the Mughal Empire by Asaf Khan to secure the Mughal throne for Shah Jahan 10. – Shahab-ud-Din Muḥammad Khurram better known by his regnal name, Shah Jahan, was the fifth Mughal emperor, who reigned from 1628 to 1658. Emperor Jahangirs death, in late 1627, was a signal for a last paroxysm of fighting among his sons and these fratricidal conflicts were carried out with ruthlessness and Jahangirs third son, Khurram, proved the most ruthless of all. He was crowned at Agra and his name, Shah Jahan, was read at the Jama Masjid there in January 1628.
Shah Jahan maintained an aggressive military pressure along the frontiers of the Mughal Empire, as his predecessors had. His building programme was capped by the new capital in Delhi named for himself Shahjahanabad. Here, he erected a new fortress-palace, the Red Fort, in matters of religion, his plain straightforward creed permitted no licence, although he never became a bigot. In 1633, Shah Jahan ordered the demolition of Hindu temples which had begun in the previous reign. These orders were followed by a prohibition of the erection of new shrines or the repair of older buildings, intermarriage between Hindus and Muslims was forbidden in 1634. Shah Jahan, himself, sustained the established alliances at a level and did not marry Hindu women, like his father. Mass conversions of Hindus to Islam were also encouraged, and in cases were forcibly effected.
All these acts, however, were dictated rather by the desire to maintain the strict tenets of Islam than to pursue the course of iconoclasm which was adopted by his son Aurangzeb. In September 1657, Shah Jahan fell seriously ill, which set off a war of succession among his sons, Shah Jahan recovered from his illness, but Aurangzeb kept his father under house arrest in Agra Fort from June 1658 until his death in 1666. On 31 July 1658, Aurangzeb crowned himself emperor with the title of Alamgir, the Mughal Empire reached the pinnacle of its glory during Shah Jahans reign and he is widely considered to be one of the greatest Mughal emperors. His reign is described as the Golden Age of the Mughals.
Shahab-ud-din Muhammad Khurram was born on 5 January 1592 in Lahore to Prince Salim and his second wife, the name Khurram was chosen for the young prince by his grandfather, Akbar, with whom he shared an extremely close relationship. Just prior to Khurrams birth, a soothsayer had predicted to the childless Empress Ruqaiya Sultan Begum that the still unborn child was destined for imperial greatness. Ruqaiya assumed the responsibility for Khurrams upbringing and he grew up under her care. Her step-son, Jahangir, noted that Ruqaiya had loved his son, Khurram, Khurram remained with her until he had turned 13 11. – Bikaner is a city in the northwest of the state of Rajasthan in northern India.
It is located 330 kilometres northwest of the capital, Jaipur. Bikaner city is the headquarters of Bikaner District and Bikaner division. Formerly the capital of the state of Bikaner, the city was founded by Rao Bika in 1486. The Ganges Canal, completed in 1928, and the Indira Gandhi Canal, completed in 1987, the city celebrates its foundation day on Akshaya Tritiya by flying kites and eating special Rajasthani food that includes Bajre Ka Khichda and Imli ka Paani among other snacks. The celebration lasts for two days, known as Chhoti Akha Teej and Badi Akha Teej, people can be seen flying kites during these two days right from the early morning at 5-6am till late sunset. Given the extreme weather, standing for long hours under the bright Sun is a torture in itself.
Hence, a quick home-made drink like Tamarind Water really helps in controlling body temperature, prior to the mid 15th century, the region that is now Bikaner was a barren wilderness called Jangladesh. Rao Bika established the city of Bikaner in 1488 and he was the first son of Maharaja Rao Jodha of the Rathor clan, the founder of Jodhpur and conquered the largely arid country in the north of Rajasthan.
As the first son of Jodha he wanted to have his own kingdom and he therefore decided to build his own kingdom in what is now the state of Bikaner in the area of Jangladesh. Though it was in the Thar Desert, Bikaner was considered an oasis on the route between Central Asia and the Gujarat coast as it had adequate spring water. Bikas name was attached to the city he built and to the state of Bikaner that he established.
Bika built a fort in 1478, which is now in ruins, around a century after Rao Bika founded Bikaner, the states fortunes flourished under the sixth Raja, Rai Singhji, who ruled from 1571 to 1611. Rai Singhs successful military exploits, which involved winning half of Mewar kingdom for the Empire, won him accolades and he was given the jagirs of Gujarat and Burhanpur. With the large revenue earned from these jagirs, he built the Chintamani durg on a plain which has an elevation of 760 feet. He was an expert in arts and architecture, and the knowledge he acquired during his visits abroad is amply reflected in the monuments he built at the Junagarh fort. Maharaja Karan Singh, who ruled from 1631 to 1639, under the suzerainty of the Mughals, later rulers added more floors and decorations to this Mahal.
Anup Singh ji, who ruled from 1669 to 1698, made additions to the fort complex, with new palaces and the Zenana quarter 12. – Fatehpur Sikri (Hindi, फ़तेहपुर सीकरी, is a city in the Agra District of Uttar Pradesh, India.
The city was founded in 1569 by the Mughal Emperor Akbar, and served as the capital of the Mughal Empire from 1571 to 1585, when it was abandoned. After his military victories over Chittor and Ranthambore, Akbar decided to shift his capital from Agra to a new location 23 miles west south-west and he named the city Fatehabad, with Fateh, a word of Arabic origin in Persian, meaning victorious. It was later called Fatehpur Sikri and it is at Fatehpur Sikri that the legends of Akbar and his famed courtiers, the nine jewels or Navaratnas, were born. Fatehpur Sikri is one of the best preserved examples of Mughal architecture in India, according to contemporary historians, Akbar took a great interest in the building of Fatehpur Sikri and probably also dictated its architectural style. Seeking to revive the splendours of Persian court ceremony made famous by his ancestor Timur, but the influences of his adopted land came through in the typically Indian embellishments. The easy availability of sandstone in the areas of Fatehpur Sikri also meant that all the buildings here were made of the red stone.
The Imperial Palace complex consists of a number of independent pavilions arranged in formal geometry on a piece of level ground, a pattern derived from Arab and central Asian tent encampments. In its entirety, the monuments at Fatehpur Sikri thus reflect the genius of Akbar in assimilating diverse regional architectural influences within a holistic style that was uniquely his own, in fact, he never returned to the city except for a brief period in 1601. In later Mughal history it was occupied for a short while by the Mughal emperor Muhammad Shah and his regent, Sayyid Hussain Ali Khan Barha, one of the Syed Brothers, was murdered here in 1720. The palaces were occupied by the Marathas after their conquest of Delhi, then transferred to the British army, which used the fortified complex as a headquarters and barracks. Because the palace area has been in continuous use over the centuries. It is still surrounded by a five mile long wall built during its construction on three sides. However apart from the buildings complex and the magnificent mosque.
The former site of the city is mostly barren, except of ruins of the bazaars of the old city near the Naubat Khana, the drum-house entrance at Agra Road. The modern town lies at the end of the complex, which was a municipality from 1865 to 1904. For a long time it was known for its masons and stone carvers, though in Akbar time it was known and fabrics of hair. The village of Sikri still exists nearby, the excavations yielded a rich crop of Jain statues, hundreds of them, including the foundation stone of a temple with the date.